English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Taxonomy (from the greek words taxis=arran gement or order, and nemein=to distribute or govern) is the science of the classification of various living organisms [1,2]. In case of bacteria, taxonomy consists of three independent, but interrelated disciplines, namely classification, nomenclature and identification (sometimes referred to as the ‘trinity’ of taxonomy) [2]. The most basic taxonomic group (i.e. unit) in bacterial taxonomy is the species, while groups of species are collected into genera (genus), which are then collected into families (Familia), families into orders (Ordo), orders into classes (Classis), classes into phyla (Phylum) and phyla into a domain (or Kingdom, the highest level), however, there are subgroups to these main classifications (see Table I and II for examples). Groups of bacteria at each rank or level have names with endings or suffixes characteristic to that rank or level (Table I) [1-3]. Nevertheless, taxonomic units under species may still be relevant (especially in the case of medically-relevant bacteria), because members among specific species can be distinguished on the basis of certain biological or genetic characteristics: these members may be classified in a sub-group of members, called subspecies [1-3]. An example for this is the differentiation of Camplyobacter species: C. fetus subsp. veneralis is a causative agent of sexually transmitted diseases and miscarriage among cattle, while C. fetus subsp. fetus may cause intrauterine infection in humans [4]. Antigenic characteristics may be another possible way to distinguish subgroups under the threshold of species, called Abstract Taxonomy is the science of the classification of various living organisms consisting of three independent, but interrelated disciplines, namely classification, nomenclature and identification. With the advent of molecular biological methods and sequencing, a revolution is currently occurring with regards to the reporting of novel taxa and changes in the taxonomy of already described bacterial species. The applications of taxonomic changes can be broad ranging: they may impact the clinical care of patients, through variations in choosing the appropriate antimicrobial susceptibility testing standards or data interpretation, or even their clinical relevance and epidemiology. The aim of this paper was to aid healthcare professionals and pharmaceutical scientists to navigate through the ‘maze’ of bacterial taxonomy, and to aid in finding authentic information regarding the description of taxonomic changes and to present some examples of changes in bacterial taxonomy which have proven to be clinically significant.

Taxonomy and nomenclature of bacteria with clinical and scientific importance: current concepts for pharmacists and pharmaceutical scientists