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Objective:  To describe the availability and nutritional composition of commonly available street foods in Almaty, Kazakhstan.   Methods:  384 street food vending sites (in 10 public markets) were assessed; information on vending sites’ characteristics and food availability and samples of the most commonly available street foods (81 homemade; 40 industrial) were collected for chemical analysis.   Results:  Fruit, beverages and food other than fruit were available in 1.0%, 47.4% and 92.7% of all vending sites. Homemade food other than fruit (e.g., bread, main dishes, snacks, pastries, sandwiches, and cakes) were available in 63.4% of stationary vending sites, while industrial (e.g., snacks, chocolate, cakes, and cookies) in 45.6% of them. Industrial foods were the most energy-dense [median kcal/100 g: 438.8 vs. 267.2,  p  &amp;lt; 0.001 (homemade)]. Traditional homemade dishes were high in sodium, reaching 2,248 mg/serving ( lagman ) and major contributors of protein and fat to energy content ( shashlik : 22.8% from protein, 68.3% from fat). Industrial chocolate and homemade cake presented the highest saturated (14.6 g/serving) and  trans -fat (3.20 g/serving) contents.   Conclusion:  These findings advocate for the implementation of health promotion strategies targeted at vendors, consumers and other stakeholders.

Availability and Nutritional Composition of Street Food in Urban Central Asia: Findings From Almaty, Kazakhstan