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Canine breast cancer (CBC) is the most common spontaneous tumor in intact female dogs, especially in developing countries. The effective anti-tumor agents or therapies for the clinical treatment of CBC are still in need. Auranofin (AF) is a gold complex that has been attested by FDA for treating human rheumatism, which has been found as a great anti-tumor agent in recent years. ICG-001 is a small molecule inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In the present study, we demonstrated that a combination of AF and ICG-001 could synergistically suppress the proliferation of CBC  in vitro  and  in vivo . Moreover, the synergistical effect was related with apoptosis caused by mitochondrial damage and ROS production. In conclusion, combination of AF and ICG-001 could synergistically suppress the growth of CBC  in vitro  and  in vivo  by leading apoptosis via mitochondrial signaling pathway and might provide a novel potential choice for the clinical treatment of CBC.

Auranofin and ICG-001 Emerge Synergistic Anti-tumor Effect on Canine Breast Cancer by Inducing Apoptosis via Mitochondrial Pathway