English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

More than twelve blood group systems have been described in dogs, but little is known about their distribution frequencies within breed populations. Here, we report on an extensive typing survey carried out using available reagents and either established or new clinical kits in purebred dogs from Germany. Leftover anticoagulated blood samples were examined using an immunochromatographic strip method for  DEA 1 , a gel column technique for  Dal  and  Kai 1/2 , and new card agglutination tests for  DEA 4  and  DEA 5  (which were partially compared with the gel column technique). Monoclonal antibodies were used for  DEA 1  and  Kai 1/2  typing, and polyclonal antibodies were used for all other types. Among the 206 dogs, 59.2% were  DEA 1 +, 100%  DEA 4 +, 9% (Card)/11% (Gel)  DEA 5 +, 89.3%  Dal +, 96.6%  Kai 1 +, and 2.9%  Kai 2 +. None of the dogs were  Kai 1 + /2 +, and only one was  Kai 1–/2– .  Dal–  dogs were found in several breeds. Erythrocytes from most  DEA 1 + dogs bound strongly on the strips. The agglutination reactions for  DEA 5  on the new card tests were generally less than those on the gel column. The blood group pattern  DEA 4 +,  DEA 5–, Dal +,  Kai 1 + /2–  and either  DEA 1 + or  DEA 1–  was found among 80% of the dogs. In this first extensive blood typing survey of purebred dogs from Europe, the proportions of positive and negative blood types were similar to those found in the United States and, for  DEA 1 , were also similar to those from other European countries, with considerable breed variation in blood types. The newer typing techniques seem to work well and will likely be useful for detecting and preventing specific blood type incompatibilities in the clinic.

Survey of Blood Groups DEA 1, DEA 4, DEA 5, Dal, and Kai 1/Kai 2 in Different Canine Breeds From a Diagnostic Laboratory in Germany