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The small-scale mobile poultry-processing unit (MPPU) produced raw poultry products are of particular food safety concern due to exemption of USDA poultry products inspection act. Limited studies reported the microbial quality and safety of MPPU-processed poultry carcasses. This study evaluated the  Salmonella  and  Campylobacter  prevalence in broiler ceca and on MPPU-processed carcasses and efficacy of commercial antimicrobials against  Campylobacter jejuni  on broilers. In study I, straight-run Hubbard × Cobb broilers (147) were reared for 38 days on clean-shavings (CS, 75) or built-up-litter (BUL, 72) and processed at an MPPU. Aerobic plate counts (APCs), coliforms,  Escherichia coli , and yeast/molds (Y/M) of carcasses were analyzed on petrifilms. Ceca and carcass samples underwent microbial analyses for  Salmonella  and  Campylobacter  spp. using the modified USDA method and confirmed by API-20e test ( Salmonella ), latex agglutination immunoassay ( Campylobacter ), and Gram staining ( Campylobacter ). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (CadF gene) identified the prevalence of  C. jejuni  and  Campylobacter coli  in ceca and on carcasses. In study II, fresh chilled broiler carcasses were spot inoculated with  C. jejuni  (4.5 log 10  CFU/mL) and then undipped, or dipped into peroxyacetic acid (PAA) (1,000 ppm), lactic acid (5%), lactic and citric acid blend (2.5%), sodium hypochlorite (69 ppm), or a H 2 O 2 –PAA mix (SaniDate ®  5.0, 0.25%) for 30 s. Surviving  C. jejuni  was recovered onto Brucella agar. APCs, coliforms, and  E. coli  populations were similar ( P  > 0.05) on CS and BUL carcasses. Carcasses of broilers raised on BUL contained a greater ( P  < 0.05) Y/M population (2.2 log 10  CFU/mL) than those reared on CS (1.8 log 10  CFU/mL).  Salmonella  was not detected in any ceca samples, whereas 2.8% of the carcasses from BUL were present with  Salmonella . Prevalence of  Campylobacter  spp.,  C. jejuni  was lower ( P  < 0.05), and  C. coli  was similar ( P  > 0.05) in CS-treated ceca than BUL samples. Prevalence of  Campylobacter  spp.,  C. jejuni , and  C. coli  was not different ( P  > 0.05) on CS- and BUL-treated carcasses. All antimicrobials reduced  C. jejuni  by 1.2–2.0 log CFU/mL on carcasses compared with controls. Hence, raising broilers on CS and applying post-chilling antimicrobial treatment can reduce  Salmonella  and  Campylobacter  on MPPU-processed broiler carcasses.

frontiers in veterinary science

Impact of Built-up-Litter and Commercial Antimicrobials on Salmonella and Campylobacter Contamination of Broiler Carcasses Processed at a Pilot Mobile Poultry-Processing Unit