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Mycoplasma gallisepticum  is the most important pathogen in poultry among four pathogenic  Mycoplasma  species. Tiamulin is a pleuromutilin antibiotic that shows a great activity against  M. gallisepticum  and has been approved for use in veterinary medicine particularly for poultry. However, the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) profiles of tiamulin against  M. gallisepticum  are not well understood. Therefore, in the current studies, we investigated the  in vivo  PK/PD profiles of tiamulin using a well-established experimental intratracheal infection model of  M. gallisepticum . The efficacy of tiamulin against  M. gallisepticum  was studied in 8-day-old chickens after intramuscular (i.m.) administration at 10 doses between 0–80 mg/kg. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to evaluate the PK parameters of tiamulin following i.m. administration at doses of 5, 40, and 80 mg/kg in  Mycoplasma gallisepticum -infected neutropenic chickens. Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used for quantitative detection of  M. gallisepticum . The MIC of tiamulin against  M. gallisepticum  strain S6 was 0.03 μg/mL. The PK/PD index, AUC 24h /MIC, correlated well with the  in vivo  antibacterial efficacy. The  in vivo  data suggest that animal dosage regimens should supply AUC 24h /MIC of tiamulin of 382.68 h for 2 log 10  ccu equivalents  M. gallisepticum  reduction. To attain that goal, the administered dose is expected to be 45 mg/kg b.w. for treatment of  M. gallisepticum  infection with an MIC 90  of 0.03 μg/mL.

Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Profiles of Tiamulin in an Experimental Intratracheal Infection Model of Mycoplasma gallisepticum