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Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are identified in many crops for their response and role in adaptation to various abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and temperature. The  LEA  genes have been studied systematically in several crops but not in  Vigna  crops. In this study, we reported the first comprehensive analysis of the  LEA  gene family in three legume species, namely, mung bean ( Vigna radiata ), adzuki bean ( Vigna angularis ), and cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ), and the cross-species expression of  VrLEA  genes in a wild tetraploid species,  Vigna glabrescens . A total of 201  LEA  genes from three  Vigna  crops were identified harboring the LEA conserved motif. Among these 55, 64, and 82  LEA  genes were identified in mung bean, adzuki bean, and cowpea genomes, respectively. These  LEA  genes were grouped into eight different classes. Our analysis revealed that the cowpea genome comprised all eight classes of  LEA  genes, whereas the LEA-6 class was absent in the mung bean genome. Similarly, LEA-5 and LEA-6 were absent in the adzuki bean genome. The analysis of  LEA  genes provides an insight into their structural and functional diversity in the  Vigna  genome. The genes, such as  VrLEA-2 ,  VrLEA-40 ,  VrLEA-47 , and  VrLEA-55 , were significantly upregulated in the heat-tolerant genotype under stress conditions indicating the basis of heat tolerance. The successful amplification and expression of  VrLEA  genes in  V. glabrescens  indicated the utility of the developed markers in mung bean improvement. The results of this study increase our understanding of  LEA  genes and provide robust candidate genes for future functional investigations and a basis for improving heat stress tolerance in  Vigna  crops.

frontiers in plant science

Genome-Wide Analysis of Late Embryogenesis Abundant Protein Gene Family in Vigna Species and Expression of VrLEA Encoding Genes in Vigna glabrescens Reveal Its Role in Heat Tolerance