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Serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins are indispensable factors for RNA splicing, and they play important roles in development and abiotic stress responses. However, little information on  SR  genes in  Brassica napus  is available. In this study, 59  SR  genes were identified and classified into seven subfamilies: SR, SCL, RS2Z, RSZ, RS, SR45, and SC. In each subfamily, the genes showed relatively conserved structures and motifs, but displayed distinct expression patterns in different tissues and under abiotic stress, which might be caused by the varied  cis -acting regulatory elements among them. Transcriptome datasets from Pacbio/Illumina platforms showed that alternative splicing of  SR  genes was widespread in  B. napus  and the majority of paralogous gene pairs displayed different splicing patterns. Protein-protein interaction analysis indicated that SR proteins were involved in the regulation of the whole lifecycle of mRNA, from synthesis to decay. Moreover, the association mapping analysis suggested that 12  SR  genes were candidate genes for regulating specific agronomic traits, which indicated that  SR  genes could affect the development and hence influence the important agronomic traits of  B. napus . In summary, this study provided elaborate information on  SR  genes in  B. napus , which will aid further functional studies and genetic improvement of agronomic traits in  B. napus .

Genome-Wide Characterization of Serine/Arginine-Rich Gene Family and Its Genetic Effects on Agronomic Traits of Brassica napus