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Tandem CCCH zinc finger (TZF) proteins are the essential components of processing bodies (PBs) and stress granules (SGs), which play critical roles in growth development and stress response in both animals and plants through posttranscriptional regulation of target mRNA. In this study, we characterized the biological and molecular functions of a novel tandem zinc finger protein, OsTZF7. The expression of  OsTZF7  was upregulated by abiotic stresses, including polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000, NaCl, and abscisic acid (ABA) in rice. Accordingly, the overexpression of  OsTZF7  increased drought tolerance and enhanced sensitivity to exogenous ABA in rice, whereas the knockdown of  OsTZF7  resulted in the opposite phenotype. RNA-seq analysis revealed that genes related to “response to stress,” “abscisic acid signaling,” “methylated histone binding,” and “cytoplasmic mRNA processing body” are regulated by  OsTZF7 . We demonstrated that OsTZF7 can traffic between the nucleus and PBs/SGs, and the leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) mediates the nuclear export of OsTZF7. Additionally, we revealed that OsTZF7 can bind adenine- and uridine-rich (AU-rich) element (ARE) or ARE-like motifs within the 3′ untranslated region of downregulated mRNAs, and interact with PWWP family proteins  in vitro . Together, these results indicate that OsTZF7 positively regulates drought response in rice  via  ABA signaling and may be involved in mRNA turnover.

RNA Binding Protein OsTZF7 Traffics Between the Nucleus and Processing Bodies/Stress Granules and Positively Regulates Drought Stress in Rice