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Abscisic acid (ABA) largely promotes leaf senescence and inhibits seed germination in plants. Endogenous ABA content is finely tuned by many transcription factors. In this study, we showed that  OsWRKY53  is a positive regulator of leaf senescence and a negative regulator of seed germination in rice.  OsWRKY53  expression was induced in leaves under aging, dark, and ABA treatment. The  OsWRKY53 -overexpressing ( OsWRKY53 -oe) plants showed early yellowing leaves, while the  OsWRKY53  ( oswrky53 ) knockout mutants maintained green leaves than the wild type under natural, dark-induced, and ABA-induced senescence conditions. Transcriptional analysis revealed that ABA catabolic genes, namely,  OsABA8ox1  and  OsABA8ox2 , two key genes participating in ABA catabolism harboring ABA 8′-hydroxylase activity, were markedly downregulated in  OsWRKY53 -oe leaves. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and protoplast transient assays revealed that OsWRKY53 directly bound to the promoters of  OsABA8ox1  and  OsABA8ox2  to repress their transcription, resulting in elevated endogenous ABA contents that promoted premature leaf senescence in the  OsWRKY53 -oe plants. It indicates that OsWRKY53 is a positive regulator through regulating ABA accumulation to promote leaf senescence. In addition, accumulated ABA simultaneously inhibited seed germination and post-germination growth in  OsWRKY53 -oe plants. Taken together, OsWRKY53 suppresses the transcript of ABA catabolic genes to promote ABA accumulation to modulate ABA-induced leaf senescence and ABA-mediated inhibition of seed germination.

frontiers in plant science

OsWRKY53 Promotes Abscisic Acid Accumulation to Accelerate Leaf Senescence and Inhibit Seed Germination by Downregulating Abscisic Acid Catabolic Genes in Rice