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Aquaporins (AQPs) facilitate the transport of water and small molecules across intrinsic membranes and play a critical role in abiotic stresses. In this study, 111, 54, and 56 candidate  AQP  genes were identified in  Gossypium hirsutum  (AD 1 ),  Gossypium arboreum  (A 2 ), and  Gossypium raimondii  (D 5 ), respectively, and were further classified into five subfamilies, namely, plasma intrinsic protein (PIP), tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP), nodulin 26-like intrinsic protein (NIP), small basic intrinsic protein (SIP), and uncategorized X intrinsic protein (XIP). Transcriptome analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed some high-expression  GhPIPs  and  GhTIPs  (PIP and TIP genes in  G. hirsutum , respectively) in drought and salt stresses.  GhPIP2;7 -silenced plants decreased in the chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and peroxidase (POD) activity comparing the mock control (empty-vector) under 400 mM NaCl treatment, which indicated a positive regulatory role of  GhPIP2;7  in salt tolerance of cotton. The  GhTIP2;1 -silenced cotton plants were more sensitive to osmotic stress.  GhTIP2;1 -overexpressed plants exhibited less accumulation of H 2 O 2  and malondialdehyde but higher proline content under osmotic stress. In summary, our study elucidates the positive regulatory roles of two  GhAQPs  ( GhPIP2;7  and  GhTIP2;1 ) in salt and osmotic stress responses, respectively, and provides a new gene resource for future research.

Two Aquaporin Genes, GhPIP2;7 and GhTIP2;1, Positively Regulate the Tolerance of Upland Cotton to Salt and Osmotic Stresses