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Soybean [ Glycine max  (L.) Merr. ] is one of the most strategical oilseed crops that provides sustainable source of protein and oil worldwide. Cultivation of soybean is severely affected by root-knot nematode (RKN). However, the mechanism of RKN parasitism to soybeans is largely unknown. In this study, we identify  GmLMM1 , which encodes a homolog of FERONIA-like receptor kinase in soybean, as a susceptible gene toward nematode. Mutations of  GmLMM1  exhibit enhanced resistance against the RKN  Meloidogyne incognita . RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis reveals a similar differential expression pattern for genes regulated by  GmLMM1  ( Gmlmm1  vs. wild-type) and  M. incognita  ( M. incognita  vs. mock), supporting the role of  GmLMM1  in  M. incognita  infection. Unlike FERONIA in  Arabidopsis , GmLMM1 specifically binds to  Mi RALF1 and  At RALF23 that suppress plant immunity, but not  Mi RALF3 and  At RALF1. Moreover, we found that the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in  GmLMM1  leads to the natural resistance against RKNs in soybeans. Collectively, these findings uncover GmLMM1 as a susceptible target of nematode RALF-like 1 and provide new genetic resource for nematode resistant breeding.

Nematode RALF-Like 1 Targets Soybean Malectin-Like Receptor Kinase to Facilitate Parasitism