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Rare cold-inducible 2/plasma membrane protein 3 ( RCI2/PMP3 ) genes are ubiquitous in plants and belong to a multigene family whose members respond to a variety of abiotic stresses by regulating ion homeostasis and stabilizing membranes, thus preventing damage. In this study, the expression of  MsRCI2A ,  MsRCI2B , and  MsRCI2C  under high-salinity, alkali and ABA treatments was analyzed. The results showed that the expression of  MsRCI2A ,  MsRCI2B , and  MsRCI2C  in alfalfa ( Medicago sativa  L.) was induced by salt, alkali and ABA treatments, but there were differences between  MsRCI2  gene expression under different treatments. We investigated the functional differences in the MsRCI2A, MsRCI2B, and MsRCI2C proteins in alfalfa ( Medicago sativa  L.) by generating transgenic alfalfa plants that ectopically expressed these  MsRCI2 s under the control of the CaMV35S promoter. The  MsRCI2A/B/C -overexpressing plants exhibited different degrees of improved phenotypes under high-salinity stress (200 mmol.L –1  NaCl) and weak alkali stress (100 mmol.L –1  NaHCO 3 , pH 8.5). Salinity stress had a more significant impact on alfalfa than alkali stress. Overexpression of  MsRCI2 s in alfalfa caused the same physiological response to salt stress. However, in response to alkali stress, the three proteins encoded by  MsRCI2 s exhibited functional differences, which were determined not only by their different expression regulation but also by the differences in their regulatory relationship with  MsRCI2 s or  H + -ATPase .

frontiers in plant science

Overexpression of MsRCI2A, MsRCI2B, and MsRCI2C in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Provides Different Extents of Enhanced Alkali and Salt Tolerance Due to Functional Specialization of MsRCI2s