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Six cultivated rice genotypes showing different stomatal conductance ( g  s ) values were used to investigate the influence of leaf vein traits on leaf gas exchange and leaf hydraulics. The results showed that  g  s  was the main determinant of the varietal difference in the net photosynthetic rate ( P  N ), whereas the area-based leaf nitrogen content (N area ) and mesophyll conductance ( g  m ) were not main factors.  g  s  and  P  N  were both positively correlated with leaf hydraulic conductance ( K  leaf ). A high density of leaf veins (vein length per leaf area, VLA), especially minor leaf veins (VLA minor ), was of benefit for improving the  K  leaf . The proportion of the minor leaf vein length to the total leaf vein length did not impact the leaf hydraulics or leaf gas exchange. Overall, these findings suggested that a high density of leaf veins, especially minor leaf veins, enhances  K  leaf  and promotes  g  s  and  P  N  in cultivated rice genotypes and a high VLA can be regarded as a high photosynthetic capacity trait in rice plants.

High Leaf Vein Density Promotes Leaf Gas Exchange by Enhancing Leaf Hydraulic Conductance in Oryza sativa L. Plants