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Drought reduces leaf stomatal conductance (g s ) and mesophyll conductance (g m ). Both hydraulic signals and chemical signals (mainly abscisic acid, ABA) are involved in regulating g s . However, it remains unclear what role the endogenous ABA plays in g m  under decreasing soil moisture. In this study, the responses of g s  and g m  to ABA were investigated under progressive soil drying conditions and their impacts on net photosynthesis (A n ) and intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE i ) were also analyzed. Experimental tomato plants were cultivated in pots in an environment-controlled greenhouse. Reductions of g s  and g m  induced a 68–78% decline of A n  under drought conditions. While soil water potential (Ψ soil ) was over −1.01 MPa, g s  reduced as leaf water potential (Ψ leaf ) decreased, but ABA and g m  kept unchanged, which indicating g s  was more sensitive to drought than g m . During Ψ soil  reduction from −1.01 to −1.44 MPa, Ψ leaf  still kept decreasing, and both g s  and g m  decreased concurrently following to the sustained increases of ABA content in shoot sap. The g m  was positively correlated to g s  during a drying process. Compared to g s  or g m , WUE i  was strongly correlated with g m /g s . WUE i  improved within Ψ soil  range between −0.83 and −1.15 MPa. In summary, g s  showed a higher sensitivity to drought than g m . Under moderate and severe drought at Ψ soil  ≤ −1.01 MPa, furthermore from hydraulic signals, ABA was also involved in this co-ordination reductions of g s  and g m  and thereby regulated A n  and WUE i .

Role of Hydraulic Signal and ABA in Decrease of Leaf Stomatal and Mesophyll Conductance in Soil Drought-Stressed Tomato