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Protein phosphorylation by kinase is an important mechanism for adapting to drought stress conditions. Here, we isolated the  CaDIMK1  ( Capsicum annuum drought-induced MAP kinase 1 ) from dehydrated pepper leaf tissue and functionally characterized it. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that the CaDIMK1 protein was localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus.  CaDIMK1 -silenced pepper plants exhibited drought-susceptible phenotypes that were characterized by increased transpiration rates, low leaf temperatures, and decreased stomatal closure. In contrast,  CaDIMK1 -overexpressing (OX) transgenic  Arabidopsis  plants were hypersensitive to abscisic acid (ABA) from germination to adult growth stages. Furthermore, the  CaDIMK1 -OX plants were tolerant to drought stress. The transcript levels of several stress-related genes were high in  CaDIMK1 -OX plants than in wild-type plants. Taken together, our data demonstrate that  CaDIMK1  acts as a positive modulator of drought tolerance and ABA signal transduction in pepper plants.

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase CaDIMK1 Functions as a Positive Regulator of Drought Stress Response and Abscisic Acid Signaling in Capsicum annuum