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Plants have evolved a series of sophisticated defense mechanisms to help them from harm. Ethylene Response Factor (ERF) plays pivotal roles in plant immune reactions, however, its underlying mechanism in maize with a defensive function to  Exserohilum turcicum  ( E. turcicum ) remains poorly understood. Here, we isolated and characterized a novel ERF transcription factor, designated  ZmERF061 , from maize. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that ZmERF061 is a member of B3 group in the ERF family. qRT-PCR assays showed that the expression of  ZmERF061  is significantly induced by  E. turcicum  inoculation and hormone treatments with salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). ZmERF061 was proved to function as a nucleus-localized transcription activator and specifically bind to the GCC-box element.  zmerf061  mutant lines resulted in enhanced susceptibility to  E. turcicum  via decreasing the expression of  ZmPR10.1  and  ZmPR10.2  and the activity of antioxidant defense system.  zmerf061  mutant lines increased the expression of the SA signaling-related gene  ZmPR1a  and decreased the expression of the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling-related gene  ZmLox1  after infection with  E. turcicum . In addition, ZmERF061 could interact with ZmMPK6-1. These results suggested that ZmERF061 plays an important role in response to  E. turcicum  and may be useful in genetic engineering breeding.

Maize Ethylene Response Factor ZmERF061 Is Required for Resistance to Exserohilum turcicum