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Amino acids are the building blocks of biomacromolecules in organisms, among which isoleucine (Ile) is the precursor of JA-Ile, an active molecule of phytohormone jasmonate (JA). JA is essential for diverse plant defense responses against biotic and abiotic stresses.  Botrytis cinerea  is a necrotrophic nutritional fungal pathogen that causes the second most severe plant fungal disease worldwide and infects more than 200 kinds of monocot and dicot plant species. In this study, we demonstrated that Ile application enhances plant resistance against  B. cinerea  in  Arabidopsis , which is dependent on the JA receptor COI1 and the jasmonic acid-amido synthetase JAR1. The mutant  lib  with higher Ile content in leaves exhibits enhanced resistance to  B. cinerea  infection. Furthermore, we found that the exogenous Ile application moderately enhanced plant resistance to  B. cinerea  in various horticultural plant species, including lettuce, rose, and strawberry, suggesting a practical and effective strategy to control  B. cinerea  disease in agriculture. These results together showed that the increase of Ile could positively regulate the resistance of various plants to  B. cinerea  by enhancing JA signaling, which would offer potential applications for crop protection.

Isoleucine Enhances Plant Resistance Against Botrytis cinerea via Jasmonate Signaling Pathway