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Brachypodium distachyon  is a small, fast growing grass species in the  Pooideae  subfamily that has become established as a model for other temperate cereals of agricultural significance, such as barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) and wheat ( Triticum aestivum ). The unusually high content in whole grains of β- D -(1,3;1,4)-glucan or mixed linkage glucan (MLG), considered a valuable dietary fibre due to its increased solubility in water compared with cellulose, makes  B. distachyon  an attractive model for these polysaccharides. The carbohydrate composition of grain in  B. distachyon  is interesting not only in understanding the synthesis of MLG, but more broadly in the mechanism(s) of carbon partitioning in cereal grains. Several mutants in the major MLG synthase, cellulose synthase like (CSL) F6, were identified in a screen of a TILLING population that show a loss of function  in vitro . Surprisingly, loss of  cslf6  synthase capacity appears to have a severe impact on survival, growth, and development in  B. distachyon  in contrast to equivalent mutants in barley and rice. One mutant, A656T, which showed milder growth impacts in heterozygotes shows a 21% (w/w) reduction in average grain MLG and more than doubling of starch compared with wildtype. The endosperm architecture of grains with the A656T mutation is altered, with a reduction in wall thickness and increased deposition of starch in larger granules than typical of wildtype  B. distachyon . Together these changes demonstrate an alteration in the carbon storage of  cslf6  mutant grains in response to reduced MLG synthase capacity and a possible cross-regulation with starch synthesis which should be a focus in future work in composition of these grains. The consequences of these findings for the use of  B. distachyon  as a model species for understanding MLG synthesis, and more broadly the implications for improving the nutritional value of cereal grains through alteration of soluble dietary fibre content are discussed.

frontiers in plant science

Characterisation of Cellulose Synthase Like F6 (CslF6) Mutants Shows Altered Carbon Metabolism in β-D-(1,3;1,4)-Glucan Deficient Grain in Brachypodium distachyon