English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Nucleotide sugar transporters (NSTs) are Golgi-localized proteins that play a role in polysaccharide biosynthesis by transporting substrates (nucleotide sugars) from the cytosol into the Golgi apparatus. In Arabidopsis, there is an NST subfamily of six members, called URGTs, which transport UDP-rhamnose and UDP-galactose  in vitro . URGTs are very similar in protein sequences, and among them, URGT1 and URGT2 are highly conserved in protein sequence and also showed very similar kinetic parameters toward UDP-rhamnose and UDP-galactose  in vitro . Despite the similarity in sequence and  in vitro  function, mutants in  urgt1  led to a specific reduction in galactose in rosette leaves. In contrast, mutants in  urgt2  showed a decrease in rhamnose content in soluble mucilage from seeds. Given these specific and quite different chemotypes, we wonder whether the differences in gene expression could explain the observed differences between the mutants. Toward that end, we analyzed whether URGT2 could rescue the  urgt1  phenotype and  vice versa  by performing a promoter swapping experiment. We analyzed whether the expression of the  URGT2  coding sequence, controlled by the  URGT1  promoter, could rescue the  urgt1  rosette phenotype. A similar strategy was used to determine whether URGT1 could rescue the  urgt2  mucilage phenotype. Expression analysis of the swapped genes, using qRT-PCR, was similar to the native  URGT1  and  URGT2  genes in wild-type plants. To monitor the protein expression of the swapped genes, both URGTs were tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Confocal microscopy analyses of the swapped lines containing URGT2-GFP showed fluorescence in motile dot-like structures in rosette leaves. Swapped lines containing URGT1-GFP showed fluorescence in dot-like structures in the seed coat. Finally, the expression of  URGT2  in  urgt1  mutants rescued galactose reduction in rosette leaves. In the same manner, the expression of  URGT1  in  urgt2  mutants recovered the content of rhamnose in soluble mucilage. Hence, our results showed that their expression in different organs modulates the role  in vivo  of URGT1 and URGT2. Likely, this is due to their presence in different cellular contexts, where other proteins, acting in partnership, may drive their functions toward different pathways.

frontiers in plant science

Functional Interchangeability of Nucleotide Sugar Transporters URGT1 and URGT2 Reveals That urgt1 and urgt2 Cell Wall Chemotypes Depend on Their Spatio-Temporal Expression