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There are considerable variations in the percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity ( PLC ) at mid-day minimum water potential among and within species, but the underpinning mechanism(s) are poorly understood. This study tested the hypothesis that plants can regulate leaf specific hydraulic conductance ( K  l )  via  precise control over  PLC  under variable Δ Ψ  (water potential differential between soil and leaf) conditions to maintain the  −m/b  constant ( −m : the sensitivity of stomatal conductance to  VPD ;  b : reference stomatal conductance at 1.0 kPa  VPD ), where  VPD  is vapor pressure deficit. We used  Populus euphratica , a phreatophyte species distributed in the desert of Northwestern China, to test the hypothesis. Field measurements of  VPD , stomatal conductance ( g  s ),  g  s  responses to  VPD , mid-day minimum leaf water potential ( Ψ  lmin ), and branch hydraulic architecture were taken in late June at four sites along the downstream of Tarim River at the north edge of the Taklamakan desert. We have found that: 1) the  −m/b  ratio was almost constant (=0.6) across all the sites; 2) the average  Ψ  50  (the xylem water potential with 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity) was  − 1.63 MPa, and mid-day  PLC  ranged from 62 to 83%; 3) there were tight correlations between  Ψ  50  and wood density/leaf specific hydraulic conductivity ( k  l ) and between specific hydraulic conductance sensitivity to water potential [d( k  s )/dln( −Ψ )] and specific hydraulic conductivity ( k  s ). A modified hydraulic model was applied to investigate the relationship between  g  s  and  VPD  under variable Δ Ψ  and  K  l  conditions. It was concluded that  P. euphratica  was able to control  PLC  in order to maintain a relatively constant  −m/b  under different site conditions. This study demonstrated that branchlet hydraulic architecture and stomatal response to  VPD  were well coordinated in order to maintain relatively water homeostasis of  P. euphratica  in the desert. Model simulations could explain the wide variations of  PLC  across and within woody species that are often observed in the field.

frontiers in plant science

Stomatal Sensitivity to Vapor Pressure Deficit and the Loss of Hydraulic Conductivity Are Coordinated in Populus euphratica, a Desert Phreatophyte Species