English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Plant pathogens infecting marijuana ( Cannabis sativa  L.) plants reduce growth of the crop by affecting the roots, crown, and foliage. In addition, fungi (molds) that colonize the inflorescences (buds) during development or after harvest, and which colonize internal tissues as endophytes, can reduce product quality. The pathogens and molds that affect  C. sativa  grown hydroponically indoors (in environmentally controlled growth rooms and greenhouses) and field-grown plants were studied over multiple years of sampling. A PCR-based assay using primers for the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of ribosomal DNA confirmed identity of the cultures. Root-infecting pathogens included  Fusarium oxysporum ,  Fusarium solani ,  Fusarium brachygibbosum ,  Pythium dissotocum ,  Pythium myriotylum , and  Pythium aphanidermatum , which caused root browning, discoloration of the crown and pith tissues, stunting and yellowing of plants, and in some instances, plant death. On the foliage, powdery mildew, caused by  Golovinomyces cichoracearum , was the major pathogen observed. On inflorescences,  Penicillium  bud rot (caused by  Penicillium olsonii  and  Penicillium copticola ),  Botrytis  bud rot ( Botrytis cinerea ), and  Fusarium  bud rot ( F. solani ,  F. oxysporum ) were present to varying extents. Endophytic fungi present in crown, stem, and petiole tissues included soil-colonizing and cellulolytic fungi, such as species of  Chaetomium ,  Trametes ,  Trichoderma ,  Penicillium , and  Fusarium . Analysis of air samples in indoor growing environments revealed that species of  Penicillium ,  Cladosporium ,  Aspergillus ,  Fusarium ,  Beauveria , and  Trichoderma  were present. The latter two species were the result of the application of biocontrol products for control of insects and diseases, respectively. Fungal communities present in unpasteurized coconut (coco) fiber growing medium are potential sources of mold contamination on cannabis plants. Swabs taken from greenhouse-grown and indoor buds pre- and post-harvest revealed the presence of  Cladosporium  and up to five species of  Penicillium , as well as low levels of  Alternaria  species. Mechanical trimming of buds caused an increase in the frequency of  Penicillium  species, presumably by providing entry points through wounds or spreading endophytes from pith tissues. Aerial distribution of pathogen inoculum and mold spores and dissemination through vegetative propagation are important methods of spread, and entry through wound sites on roots, stems, and bud tissues facilitates pathogen establishment on cannabis plants.

Pathogens and Molds Affecting Production and Quality of Cannabis sativa L.