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In  Arabidopsis , the circadian rhythm is associated with multiple important biological processes and maintained by multiple interconnected loops that generate robust rhythms. The circadian clock central loop is a negative feedback loop composed of the core circadian clock components.  TOC1  ( TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 ) is highly expressed in the evening and negatively regulates the expression of  CCA1  ( CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 )/ LHY  ( LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL ). CCA1/LHY also binds to the promoter of  TOC1  and represses the  TOC1  expression. Our recent research revealed that the histone modification complex comprising of LYSINE-SPECIFIC DEMETHYLASE 1 (LSD1)-LIKE 1/2 (LDL1/2) and HISTONE DEACETYLASE 6 (HDA6) can be recruited by CCA1/LHY to repress  TOC1  expression. In this study, we found that HDA6, LDL1, and LDL2 can interact with TOC1, and the LDL1/2-HDA6 complex is associate with TOC1 to repress the  CCA1/LHY  expression. Furthermore, LDL1/2-HDA6 and TOC1 co-target a subset of genes involved in the circadian rhythm. Collectively, our results indicate that the LDL1/2-HDA6 histone modification complex is important for the regulation of the core circadian clock components.

The LDL1/2-HDA6 Histone Modification Complex Interacts With TOC1 and Regulates the Core Circadian Clock Components in Arabidopsis