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Multilocular traits exist in a variety of plants and exert important effects on plant yield. Previous genetic studies have shown that multilocular trait of the  Brassica juncea  cultivar Duoshi is controlled by two recessive genes,  Bjln1  and  Bjln2 . In previous studies, the  Bjln1  gene is located on chromosome A07, and the  Bjln1  candidate gene is  BjuA07.CLV1 . In this study, a BC4 mapping population for the  Bjln2  gene was generated. This population was used to construct genetic linkage maps of the  Bjln2  gene using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), intron length polymorphism (IP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) methodology. The results showed that the  Bjln2  gene was restricted to a 0.63 cM interval. BLAST alignment with  B. juncea  revealed the  Bjln2  gene was located within a 11.81–16.65 Mb region on chromosome B07. Moreover, the candidate gene  BjuB07.CLV1  (equivalent to  Bjln2 ) was cloned by comparing mapping and map-based cloning, and  BjuB07.CLV1  gene was shown to have the ability to restore the bilocular traits in a genetic complementation experiment. The sequencing revealed that a 4961 bp insertion interrupted the coding sequence of the  BjuB07.CLV1  gene, resulting in an increase in locule number. Expression analysis revealed that  BjuB07.CLV1  was expressed in all tissues and the expression level in bilocular plants was significantly higher than that in multilocular plants. In addition, markers closely linked to the  Bjln2  gene were developed and used for molecular marker-assisted breeding of multilocular traits.

Comparative Mapping Combined With Map-Based Cloning of the Brassica juncea Genome Reveals a Candidate Gene for Multilocular Rapeseed