English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Plants suffer multiple, simultaneous biotic threats from both above and below ground. These pests and/or pathogens are commonly studied on an individual basis and the effects of above-ground pests on below-ground pathogens are poorly defined. Root exudates from potato plants ( Solanum tuberosum  L.) were analyzed to characterize the top-down plant-mediated interactions between a phloem-sucking herbivore ( Myzus persicae ) and a sedentary, endoparasitic nematode ( Globodera pallida ). Increasing inocula of the aphid,  M. persicae , reduced the root mass of potato plants. Exudates collected from these roots induced significantly lower hatching of second-stage juveniles from  G. pallida  eggs over a 28-day period, than those from uninfested control plants. Inhibition of hatch was significantly positively correlated with size of aphid inoculum. Diminished hatching was partially recovered after treatment with root exudate from uninfested potato plants indicating that the effect on hatching is reversible but cannot be fully recovered. Glucose and fructose content was reduced in root exudates from aphid-infested potato plants compared to controls and these sugars were found to induce hatching of  G. pallida , but not to the same degree as potato root exudates (PRE). Supplementing aphid-infested PRE with sugars did not recover the hatching potential of the treatment, suggesting that additional compounds play an important role in egg hatch. The first gene upregulated in the closely related potato cyst nematode  Globodera rostochiensis  post-exposure to host root exudate,  Neprilysin-1 , was confirmed to be upregulated in  G. pallida  cysts after exposure to PRE and was also upregulated by the sugar treatments. Significantly reduced upregulation of  Gpa-nep-1  was observed in cysts treated with root exudates from potato plants infested with greater numbers of aphids. Our data suggest that aphid infestation of potato plants affects the composition of root exudates, with consequential effects on the hatching and gene expression of  G. pallida  eggs. This work shows that an above-ground pest can indirectly impact the rhizosphere and reveals secondary effects for control of an economically important below-ground pathogen.

Aphid Colonization Affects Potato Root Exudate Composition and the Hatching of a Soil Borne Pathogen