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Tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb .) is a typical and widely used cool-season turf grass. High temperature is a key factor that limits its utility. The objectives of this study were to investigate the behaviors of fatty acid composition and its gene expression patterns in heat-resistant genotype “TF71” and heat-sensitive genotype “TF133” exposed to heat stress (40/35°C, 14/10 h), and to broaden our comprehension about the relationship between heat tolerance and fatty acid function. The result showed that heat stress increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and relative electrolyte leakage (EL), but decreased the level of chlorophyll and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) when compared to the controls, to a greater extent in “TF133.” This result proved that “TF71” had superior high-temperature resistance. Furthermore, comparing the changes in the composition of fatty acid and the expression of the genes involved in its synthesis between the two different genotypes under heat stress, we found that heat stress increased the degree of unsaturation, UFA/SFA, and double bond index (DBI) in “TF71.” Moreover, quantitative RT-PCR revealed that heat stress altered the expression of the genes involved in fatty acid synthesis, including  ACAC ,  FabD ,  FabF ,  FabH ,  FabI , and  FatA.  According to these findings, we can speculate that increasing the unsaturation degree of fatty acid or controlling the equilibrium ratio of UFA/SFA might be closely associated with the improving of the heat resistance in tall fescue.

frontiers in plant science

Antioxidant Metabolism, Photosystem II, and Fatty Acid Composition of Two Tall Fescue Genotypes With Different Heat Tolerance Under High Temperature Stress