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The multitherapeutic taxol, which can be obtained from  Taxus  spp., is the most widely used anticancer drug. Taxol biosynthesis is significantly regulated by jasmonate acid (JA), one of the most important endogenous hormones in land plants. Nevertheless, the JA-inducing mechanism remains poorly understood. MYC2 is one of the key regulators of JA signal transfer and the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites. Here, TcMYC2a was identified to contain a basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH)-leucine zipper domain, a bHLH-MYC_N domain, and a BIF/ACT-like domain. TcMYC2a was also found to bind with TcJAZ3 in yeast, which was a homolog of  Arabidopsis  JASMONATE ZIM-domain JAZ proteins, indicating that TcMYC2a had a similar function to AtMYC2 of JA signal transduction. TcMYC2a was able to affect the expression of GUS reporter gene by binding with the T/G-box, G-box, and E-box, which were the key  cis -elements of  TASY  and  TcERF12/15  promoter.  TcMYC2a  overexpression also led to significantly increased expression of  TASY ,  tat ,  dbtnbt ,  t13h , and  t5h  genes. Additionally, TcERF15, which played the positive role to regulate  tasy  gene, was up-regulated by TcMYC2a. All these results revealed that TcMYC2a can regulate taxol biosynthesis either directly or via ERF regulators depending on JA signaling transduction.

TcMYC2a, a Basic Helix–Loop–Helix Transcription Factor, Transduces JA-Signals and Regulates Taxol Biosynthesis in Taxus chinensis