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The antifungal protein (AFP) produced by  Aspergillus giganteus , encoded by the  afp  gene, has been used to confer resistance against a broad range of fungal pathogens in several crops. In this research, transgenic olive plants expressing the  afp  gene under the control of the constitutive promoter CaMV35S were generated and their disease response against two root infecting fungal pathogens,  Verticillium dahliae  and  Rosellinia necatrix , was evaluated. Embryogenic cultures derived from a mature zygotic embryo of cv. ‘Picual’ were used for  A. tumefaciens  transformation. Five independent transgenic lines were obtained, showing a variable level of  afp  expression in leaves and roots. None of these transgenic lines showed enhanced resistance to Verticillium wilt. However, some of the lines displayed a degree of incomplete resistance to white root rot caused by  R. necatrix  compared with disease reaction of non-transformed plants or transgenic plants expressing only the GUS gene. The level of resistance to this pathogen correlated with that of the  afp  expression in root and leaves. Our results indicate that the  afp  gene can be useful for enhanced partial resistance to  R. necatrix  in olive, but this gene does not protect against  V. dahliae .

Usage of the Heterologous Expression of the Antimicrobial Gene afp From Aspergillus giganteus for Increasing Fungal Resistance in Olive