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Plant-specific TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, CYCLOIDEA, and PROLIFERATING CELL FACTORS (TCP) transcription factors play versatile functions in multiple processes of plant growth and development. However, no systematic study has been performed in strawberry. In this study, 19  FvTCP  genes were identified in the diploid woodland strawberry ( Fragaria vesca ) accession Heilongjiang-3. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the  FvTCP  genes were classified into two main classes, with the second class further divided into two subclasses, which was supported by the exon-intron organizations and the conserved motif structures. Promoter analysis revealed various  cis -acting elements related to growth and development, hormone and/or stress responses. We analyzed  FvTCP  gene transcript accumulation patterns in different tissues and fruit developmental stages. Among them, 12  FvTCP  genes exhibited distinct tissue-specific transcript accumulation patterns. Eleven  FvTCP  genes were down-regulated in different fruit developmental stages, while five  FvTCP  genes were up-regulated. Transcripts of  FvTCP  genes also varied with different subcultural propagation periods and were induced by hormone treatments and biotic and abiotic stresses. Subcellular localization analysis showed that six FvTCP-GFP fusion proteins showed distinct localizations in  Arabidopsis  mesophyll protoplasts. Notably, transient over-expression of  FvTCP9  in strawberry fruits dramatically affected the expression of a series of genes implicated in fruit development and ripening. Taken together, the present study may provide the basis for functional studies to reveal the role of this gene famil y  in strawberry growth and development.

Identification and Transcript Analysis of the TCP Transcription Factors in the Diploid Woodland Strawberry Fragaria vesca