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Peroxidases (PRXs) are widely existed in various organisms and could be divided into different types according to their structures and functions. Specifically, the Class III Peroxidase, a plant-specific multi-gene family, involves in many physiological processes, such as the metabolism of auxin, the extension and thickening of cell wall, as well as the formation of lignin. By searching the pear genome database, 94 non-redundant  PRXs  from  Pyrus bretschneideri  ( PbPRXs ) were identified. Subsequently, analysis of phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, conserved motifs, and microsynteny was performed. These  PbPRXs  were unevenly distributed among 17 chromosomes of pear. In addition, 26 segmental duplication events but only one tandem duplication were occurred in these  PbPRXs , implying segmental duplication was the main contributor to the expansion of the  PbPRX  family. By the Ka/Ks analysis, 26 out of 27 duplicated  PbPRXs  has experienced purifying selection. Twenty motifs were identified in PbPRXs based on the MEME analysis, 11 of which were enriched in pear. A total of 41 expressed genes were identified from ESTs of pear fruit. According to qRT-PCR, the expression trends of five  PbPRXs  in subgroup C were consistent with the change of lignin content during pear fruit development. So we inferred that the five  PbPRXs  were candidate genes involved in the lignin synthesis pathway. These results provided useful information for further researches of  PRX  genes in pear.

Structural, Evolutionary, and Functional Analysis of the Class III Peroxidase Gene Family in Chinese Pear (Pyrus bretschneideri)