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Rice is more sensitive to salinity, particularly at its early vegetative and later productive stages. Wild plants growing in harsh environments such as wild barley from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau adapt to the adverse environment with allelic variations at the loci responsible for stressful environment, which could be used for rice genetic improvement. In this study, we overexpressed  HsCBL8  encoding a calcium-sensor calcineurin B-like (CBL) protein in rice. The gene was isolated from XZ166, a wild-barley ( Hordeum spontanum ) line originated from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We found that XZ166 responded to high NaCl concentration (200 mM) with more  HsCBL8  transcripts than CM72, a cultivated barley line known for salinity tolerance. XZ166 is significantly different from CM72 with nucleotide sequences at  HsCBL8 . The overexpression of  HsCBL8  in rice resulted in significant improvement of water protection  in vivo  and plasma membrane, more proline accumulation, and a reduction of overall Na +  uptake but little change in K +  concentration in the plant tissues. Notably,  HsCBL8  did not act on some genes downstream of the rice CBL family genes, suggesting an interesting interaction between  HsCBL8  and unknown factors to be further investigated.

Characterization of Salinity Tolerance of Transgenic Rice Lines Harboring HsCBL8 of Wild Barley (Hordeum spontanum) Line from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau