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N -ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) are involved in plant resistance; however, the role of SYP71 in the regulation of plant–pathogen interactions is not well known. In this study, we characterized a plant-specific SNARE in wheat, TaSYP71, which contains a Qc-SNARE domain. Three homologs are localized on chromosome 1AL, 1BL, and 1DL. Using  Agrobacterium- mediated transient expression, TaSYP71 was localized to the plasma membrane in  Nicotiana benthamiana . Quantitative real-time PCR assays revealed that  TaSYP71  homologs was induced by NaCl, H 2 O 2  stress and infection by virulent and avirulent  Puccinia striiformis  f. sp.  tritici  ( Pst ) isolates. Heterologous expression of TaSYP71 in  Schizosaccharomyces pombe  elevated tolerance to H 2 O 2 . Meanwhile, H 2 O 2  scavenging gene ( TaCAT ) was downregulated in  TaSYP71  silenced plants treated by H 2 O 2  compared to that in control, which indicated that  TaSYP71  enhanced tolerance to H 2 O 2  stress possibly by influencing the expression of  TaCAT  to remove the excessive H 2 O 2  accumulation. When  TaSYP71  homologs were all silenced in wheat by the virus-induced gene silencing system, wheat plants were more susceptible to  Pst , with larger infection area and more haustoria number, but the necrotic area of wheat mesophyll cells were larger, one possible explanation that minor contribution of resistance to  Pst  was insufficient to hinder pathogen extension when  TaSYP71  were silenced, and the necrotic area was enlarged accompanied with the pathogen growth. Of course, later cell death could not be excluded. In addition, the expression of pathogenesis-related genes were down-regulated in  TaSYP71  silenced wheat plants. These results together suggest that TaSYP71 play a positive role in wheat defense against  Pst .

TaSYP71, a Qc-SNARE, Contributes to Wheat Resistance against Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici