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Glyoxalase I (GLYI) is a ubiquitous enzyme in all organisms that catalyzes the conversion of the potent cytotoxin methylglyoxal to S- D -lactoylglutathione. Although many reports suggest the importance of GLYI in the plant response to stress, its function in seeds requires further study. Here, we identified a heat-induced GLYI from  Brassica napus  seeds, BnGLYI, using a comparative proteomics approach. Two-dimensional gel analyses revealed that BnGLYI protein expression upon heat treatment was significantly elevated in thermotolerant seeds but was diminished in heat-sensitive seeds. The  BnGLYI-2  and  BnGLYI-3  genes from the heat-sensitive and thermotolerant cultivars, respectively, were characterized, and analyzed. Only two amino acid residue variations were found between the amino acid sequences of the two genes. Moreover, overexpressing  BnGLYI-3  in yeast cells enhanced tolerance to heat and cold stress and significantly increased GLYI activity compared to overexpressing  BnGLYI-2 . In addition,  BnGLYI-3  transformants showed enhanced superoxide dismutase activities under heat and cold treatment, whereas these activities were diminished for  BnGLYI-2  transformants. Taken together, these results indicate that overexpression of the  BnGLYI-3  gene imparts thermotolerance and cold tolerance in yeast and that the variations in BnGLYI-3 may play an important role in the responses to temperature stresses.

Identification and Characterization of a Glyoxalase I Gene in a Rapeseed Cultivar with Seed Thermotolerance