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Plant resistance proteins mediate pathogen recognition and activate innate immune responses to restrict pathogen proliferation. One common feature of these proteins is an NB-ARC domain. In this study, we characterized a gene encoding a protein with an NB-ARC domain from wild Chinese grapevine  Vitis pseudoreticulata  accession “Baihe-35-1,” which was identified in a transcriptome analysis of the leaves following inoculation with  Erysiphe necator  (Schw.), a causal agent of powdery mildew. Transcript levels of this gene, designated  VpCN  (GenBank accession number  KT265084 ), increased strongly after challenge of grapevine leaves with  E. necator . The deduced amino acid sequence was predicted to contain an NB-ARC domain in the C-terminus and an RxCC-like domain similar to CC domain of Rx protein in the N-terminus. Ectopic expression of  VpCN  in  Arabidopsis thaliana  resulted in either a wild-type phenotype or a dwarf phenotype. The phenotypically normal transgenic  A. thaliana  showed enhance resistance to  A. thaliana  powdery mildew  Golovinomyces cichoracearum , as well as to a virulent bacterial pathogen  Pseudomonas syringae  pv. tomato DC3000. Moreover, promoter::GUS (β-glucuronidase) analysis revealed that powdery mildew infection induced the promoter activity of  VpCN  in grapevine leaves. Finally, a promoter deletion analysis showed that TC rich repeat elements likely play an important role in the response to  E. necator  infection. Taken together, our results suggest that  VpCN  contribute to powdery mildew disease resistant in grapevine.

frontiers in plant science

Ectopic Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana of an NB-ARC Encoding Putative Disease Resistance Gene from Wild Chinese Vitis pseudoreticulata Enhances Resistance to Phytopathogenic Fungi and Bacteria