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The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates plant development and is crucial for abiotic stress response. In this study, cold storage contributes to reducing endogenous ABA content, resulting in dormancy breaking of  Gladiolus . The ABA inhibitor fluridone also promotes germination, suggesting that ABA is an important hormone that regulates corm dormancy. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of the  Gladiolus  ABI5 homolog ( Gh ABI5), which is a basic leucine zipper motif transcriptional factor (TF).  Gh ABI5 is expressed in dormant vegetative organs (corm, cormel, and stolon) as well as in reproductive organs (stamen), and it is up-regulated by ABA or drought. Complementation analysis reveals that  Gh ABI5 rescues the ABA insensitivity of  abi5-3  during seed germination and induces the expression of downstream ABA response genes in  Arabidopsis thaliana  ( EM1 ,  EM6 , and  RD29B ). Down-regulation of  GhABI5  in dormant cormels via virus induced gene silence promotes sprouting and reduces the expression of downstream genes ( GhLEA  and  GhRD29B ). The results of this study reveal that  Gh ABI5 regulates bud dormancy (vegetative organ) in  Gladiolus  in addition to its well-studied function in  Arabidopsis  seeds (reproductive organ).

frontiers in plant science

Gladiolus hybridus ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 5 (GhABI5) is an important transcription factor in ABA signaling that can enhance Gladiolus corm dormancy and Arabidopsis seed dormancy