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In plants, LRR-RLKs play central roles in regulating perception of extracellular signals and initiation of cellular responses under various environmental challenges.  Arabidopsis SERK  genes, including  SERK1  to  SERK5 , constitute a  LRR - RLK  sub-family.  SERK1, SERK2, SERK3 / BAK1 , and  SERK4 / BKK1  have been well characterized to function as crucial regulators in multiple physiological processes such as brassinosteroid signaling, cell death control, pathogenesis, and pollen development. Despite extremely high sequence identity with  BKK1, SERK5  is reported to have no functional overlapping with  BKK1 , which is previously identified to regulate BR and cell death control pathways, probably due to a natural mutation in a highly conserved RD motif in the kinase domain of SERK5 in Col-0 ecotype. Through a gene sequencing analysis in several  Arabidopsis  accessions, we are able to identify  SERK5  in Landsberg  erecta  (L er ) genome encoding a LRR-RLK with an intact RD motif. Overexpression of  SERK5 -L er  partially suppresses the BR defective phenotypes of  bri1-5  and  bak1-3 bkk1-1 , indicating  SERK5 -L er  functions as a positive regulator in BR signaling. Furthermore, the interaction between SERK5-L er  and BRI1 is confirmed by yeast two-hybrid and BiFC assays, and the genetic result showing that elevated expression of a kinase-dead form of  SERK5 -L er  causes a dominant-negative phenotype in  bri1-5 . In addition, overexpression of  SERK5 -L er  is capable of delaying, not completely suppressing, the cell death phenotype of  bak1-3 bkk1-1 . In this study, we first reveal that  SERK5 -L er  is a biologically functional component in mediating multiple signaling pathways.

frontiers in plant science

Somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase 5 in the ecotype Landsberg erecta of Arabidopsis is a functional RD LRR-RLK in regulating brassinosteroid signaling and cell death control