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The phytoalexin camalexin and indolic glucosinolates share not only a common evolutionary origin and a tightly interconnected biosynthetic pathway, but regulatory proteins controlling the shared enzymatic steps are also modulated by the same R2R3-MYB transcription factors. The indolic phytoalexin camalexin is a crucial defense metabolite in the model plant  Arabidopsis . Indolic phytoalexins and glucosinolates appear to have a common evolutionary origin and are interconnected on the biosynthetic level: a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of camalexin, indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx), is also required for the biosynthesis of indolic glucosinolates and is under tight control by the transcription factors MYB34, MYB51, and MYB122. The abundance of camalexin was strongly reduced in  myb34/51  and  myb51/122  double and in triple  myb  mutant, suggesting that these transcription factors are important in camalexin biosynthesis. Furthermore, expression of  MYB51  and  MYB122  was significantly increased by biotic and abiotic camalexin-inducing agents. Feeding of the triple  myb34/51/122  mutant with IAOx or indole-3-acetonitrile largely restored camalexin biosynthesis. Conversely, tryptophan could not complement the low camalexin phenotype of this mutant, which supports a role for the three MYB factors in camalexin biosynthesis upstream of IAOx. Consistently expression of the camalexin biosynthesis genes  CYP71B15/PAD3  and  CYP71A13  was not negatively affected in the triple  myb  mutant and the MYBs could not activate  pCYP71B15::uidA  expression in  trans -activation assays with cultured  Arabidopsis  cells. In conclusion, this study reveals the importance of MYB factors regulating the generation of IAOx as precursor of camalexin.

The role of MYB34, MYB51 and MYB122 in the regulation of camalexin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana