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The gynoecium is the female reproductive structure of angiosperm flowers. In  Arabidopsis thaliana  the gynoecium is composed of two carpels that are fused into a tube-like structure. As the gynoecial primordium arises from the floral meristem, a specialized meristematic structure, the carpel margin meristem (CMM), develops from portions of the medial gynoecial domain. The CMM is critical for reproductive competence because it gives rise to the ovules, the precursors of the seeds. Here we report a functional role for the transcription factor  PERIANTHIA  ( PAN ) in the development of the gynoecial medial domain and the formation of ovule primordia. This function of  PAN  is revealed in  pan aintegumenta (ant)  as well as  seuss (seu) pan  double mutants that form reduced numbers of ovules. Previously,  PAN  was identified as a regulator of perianth organ number and as a direct activator of  AGAMOUS (AG)  expression in floral whorl four. However, the  seu pan  double mutants display enhanced ectopic  AG  expression in developing sepals and the partial transformation of sepals to petals indicating a novel role for  PAN  in the repression of  AG  in floral whorl one. These results indicate that  PAN  functions as an activator or repressor of  AG  expression in a whorl-specific fashion. The  seu pan  double mutants also display enhanced floral indeterminacy, resulting in the formation of “fifth whorl” structures and disruption of  WUSCHEL  ( WUS ) expression patterns revealing a novel role for  SEU  in floral meristem termination.

Novel functional roles for PERIANTHIA and SEUSS during floral organ identity specification, floral meristem termination, and gynoecial development