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In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), chronic hyperglycemia causes reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production. Exercise alters the oxidant-antioxidant balance. We evaluated the aerobic capacity and oxidant-antioxidant balance changes after maximum-intensity exercise in T1DM patients. The study involved 30 T1DM participants and 23 controls. The patients’ average age was 23.4 ± 5.1 years, with a body mass index of 24.3 ± 3.1 kg m –2  and with satisfactory glycemic control. Among the controls, the respective values equaled 24.7 ± 2.9 years and 22.9 ± 2.1 kg m –2 . Aerobic capacity was assessed with a treadmill test. Peak minute oxygen uptake was significantly lower in T1DM compared with the controls (44.7 ± 5.7 vs. 56.0 ± 7.3 mL kg –1  min –1 ). The total oxidant capacity measured by total oxidative status/total oxidative capacity (TOS/TOC) equaled 321.5 ± 151 μmol L –1  before and 380.1 ± 153 μmol L –1  after exercise in T1DM, and 164.1 ± 75 and 216.6 ± 75 μmol L –1  in the controls ( p  < 0.05 for all comparisons). A significant difference in the ratio of total antioxidant status/total antioxidant capacity (TAS/TAC) between the groups after the treadmill test was observed ( p  < 0.05). Nitrosative stress indicators where significantly higher in the T1DM group both before and after the exercise. In conclusion, diabetic patients demonstrated a lower aerobic capacity. The TOS/TOC and nitrosative stress indicators were significantly higher in T1DM before and after the test.

frontiers in physiology

Changes in Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Indicators and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor After Maximum-Intensity Exercise Assessing Aerobic Capacity in Males With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus