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Background : Fetuin-A is a hepatokine linked to the development of insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine if 60 days head-down-tilt (HDT) bed rest increased circulating fetuin-A and if it was linked to whole body insulin sensitivity (IS). Additionally, we examined whether reactive jump training (RJT) could alleviate the metabolic changes associated with bed rest.   Methods : 23 young men (29 ± 6 years, 181 ± 6 cm, 77 ± 7 kg) were randomized to a control (CTRL,  n  = 11) or RJT group (JUMP,  n  = 12) and exposed to 60 days of bed rest. Before and after bed rest, body composition andV  .   O2  ⁢  p  ⁢  e  ⁢  a  ⁢  kwere measured and an oral glucose tolerance test was performed to estimate IS. Circulating lipids and fetuin-A were measured in fasting serum.   Results : Body weight, lean mass, andV  .   O2  ⁢  p  ⁢  e  ⁢  a  ⁢  kdecreased in both groups following bed rest, with greater reductions in CTRL ( p  < 0.05). There was a main effect of time, but not the RJT intervention, for the increase in fetuin-A, triglycerides (TG), area under the curve for glucose (AUCG) and insulin (AUCI), and the decrease in Matsuda and tissue-specific IS ( p  < 0.05). Fetuin-A increased in participants who became less insulin sensitive ( p  = 0.019). In this subgroup, liver IS and adipose IS decreased ( p  < 0.05), while muscle IS was unchanged. In a subgroup, where IS did not decrease, fetuin-A did not change. Liver IS increased ( p  = 0.012), while muscle and adipose tissue IS remained unchanged.   Conclusions : In this study, we report an increase in circulating fetuin-A following 60 days of bed rest, concomitant with reduced IS, which could not be mitigated by RJT. The amount of fetuin-A released from the liver may be an important determinant of changes in whole body IS. In this regard, it may also be a useful biomarker of individual variation due to inactivity or lifestyle interventions.

Fetuin-A as a Potential Biomarker of Metabolic Variability Following 60 Days of Bed Rest