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Background:  The present study aimed to investigate the possibility of using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to quantitatively assess the early therapeutic effect of the analgesic–antitumor peptide BmK AGAP on breast cancer and also evaluate the medical value of a reduced distribution of four  b -values.   Methods:  IVIM diffusion MRI using 10  b -values and 4  b -values (0–1,000 s/mm 2 ) was performed at five different time points on  BALB/c  mice bearing xenograft breast tumors treated with BmK AGAP. Variability in  Dslow ,  Dfast ,  PF , and  ADC  derived from the set of 10  b -values and 4  b -values was assessed to evaluate the antitumor effect of BmK AGAP on breast tumor.   Results:  The data showed that  PF  values significantly decreased in rBmK AGAP-treated mice on day 12 ( P  = 0.044).  PF  displayed the greatest AUC but with a poor medical value (AUC = 0.65). The data showed no significant difference between IVIM measurements acquired from the two sets of  b -values at different time points except in the  PF  on the day 3. The within-subject coefficients of variation were relatively higher in  Dfast  and  PF . However, except for a case noticed on day 0 in  PF  measurements, the results indicated no statistically significant difference at various time points in the rBmK AGAP-treated or the untreated group ( P  < 0.05).   Conclusion:  IVIM showed poor medical value in the early evaluation of the antiproliferative effect of rBmK AGAP in breast cancer, suggesting sensitivity in  PF . A reduced distribution of four b-values may provide remarkable measurements but with a potential loss of accuracy in the perfusion-related parameter  PF .

frontiers in physiology

Monitoring the Early Antiproliferative Effect of the Analgesic–Antitumor Peptide, BmK AGAP on Breast Cancer Using Intravoxel Incoherent Motion With a Reduced Distribution of Four b-Values