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The nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) regulate the transcription of elongases of very long-chain fatty acids (Elovl), which are involved in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biosynthesis in mammals. In the present study, we first characterized the function of  Elovl5  elongase in  Trachinotus ovatus . The functional study showed that  ToElovl5  displayed high elongation activity toward C18 and C20 PUFA. To investigate whether PPARαb was a regulator of  Elovl5 , we also reported the sequence of  T. ovatus PPARαb  ( ToPPARαb ). The open reading frame (ORF) sequence encoded 469 amino acids possessing four typical characteristic domains, including an N-terminal hypervariable region, a DNA-binding domain (DBD), a flexible hinge domain and a ligand-binding domain (LBD). Thirdly, promoter activity experiments showed that the region from PGL3-basic-Elovl5-5 (-146 bp to +459 bp) was defined as the core promoter by progressive deletion mutation of  Elovl5 . Moreover, PPARαb overexpression led to a clear time-dependent enhancement of  ToElovl5  promoter expression in HEK 293T cells. Fourth, the agonist of PPARαb prominently increased  PPARαb  and  Elovl5  expression, while PPARαb depletion by RNAi or an inhibitor was correlated with a significant reduction of  Elovl5  transcription in  T. ovatus  caudal fin cells (TOCF). In conclusion, the present study provides the first evidence of the positive regulation of  Elovl5  transcription by PPARαb and contributes to a better understanding of the transcriptional mechanism of PPARαb in fish.

The Transcriptional Factor PPARαb Positively Regulates Elovl5 Elongase in Golden Pompano Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758)