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Most living organisms have developed internal circadian clocks to anticipate the daily environmental changes. The circadian clocks are composed of several transcriptional-translational feedback loops, in which cryptochromes (CRYs) serve as critical elements. In insects, some CRYs act as photopigments to control circadian photoentrainment, while the others act as transcriptional regulators. We cloned and characterized two  cryptochrome  genes, the  Drosophila -like ( lscry1 ) and vertebrate-like ( lscry2 ) genes, in a rice pest  Laodelphax striatellus . Quantitative real-time PCR showed that  lscry1  and  lscry2  expressed ubiquitously from nymph to adult stages as well as in different tissues. The transcript levels of  lscry2  fluctuated in a circadian manner. Constant light led to arrhythmic locomotor activities in  L. striatellus . It also inhibited the mRNA oscillation of  lscry2  and promoted the transcription of  lscry1 . Knockdown of  lscry1  or  lscry2  by RNA interference (RNAi) reduced the rhythmicity of  L. striatellus  in constant darkness, but not in light dark cycles. These results suggested that  lscry1  and  lscry2  were putative circadian clock genes of  L. striatellus , involved in the regulation of locomotor rhythms.

Cryptochrome Regulates Circadian Locomotor Rhythms in the Small Brown Planthopper Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén)