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Red blood cell (RBC) deformability has a significant impact on microcirculation by affecting cell dynamics. Despite previous studies that have demonstrated the margination of rigid cells and particles  in vitro , little information is available on the  in vivo  margination of deformability-impaired RBCs under physiological flow and hematocrit conditions. Thus, in this study, we examined how the deformability-dependent, RBC migration alters the cell distribution under physiological conditions, particularly in arteriolar network flows. The hardened RBCs ( h RBCs) were found to preferentially flow near the vessel walls of small arterioles (diameter = 47.1–93.3 μm). The majority of the  h RBCs (63%) were marginated within the range of 0.7 R -0.9 R  ( R : radial position normalized by vessel radius), indicating that the  h RBCs preferentially accumulated near the vessel walls. The laterally marginated  h RBCs maintained their lateral positions near the walls while traversing downstream with attenuated radial dispersion. In addition, the immediate displacement of RBCs while traversing a bifurcation also contributes to the near-wall accumulation of  h RBCs. The notable difference in the inward migration between the marginated  n RBCs and  h RBCs after bifurcations further supports the potential role of bifurcations in the accumulation of  h RBCs near the walls.

Near-Wall Migration Dynamics of Erythrocytes in Vivo: Effects of Cell Deformability and Arteriolar Bifurcation