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Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)/Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and osteocalcin share common effects regulating energy, bone mass, reproduction and neuronal functions. To investigate on the gene-relationship between NGF, BDNF, and Osteocalcin we compared by RT-PCR the transcript levels of  Ngf, Bdnf  and  Osteocalcin  as well as of their receptors  p75NTR/NTRK1, NTRK2 , and  Gprc6a  in brain, bone, white/brown adipose tissue (WAT/BAT) and reproductive organs of 3 months old female and male mice. Brain and bone were used as positive controls for NGF/BDNF and Osteocalcin respectively. The role of oxitocin( Oxt ) and its receptor( Oxtr ) was also investigated.  Ngf  expression shows an opposite trend compared to  Bdnf .  Ngf  / p75NTR  expression is 50% higher in BAT than brain, in both genders, but lower in bone. In contrast,  Bdnf  expression in bone is higher than in brain, but low in BAT/WAT. We found  Osteocalcin  gene expressed in brain in both genders, but  Gprc6a  expression is low in brain and BAT/WAT. As expected,  Gprc6a  gene is expressed in bone.  Oxt  gene was markedly expressed in brain,  Oxtr  in the ovaries and in fat and bone in both genders.  Ngf  is highly expressed in reproductive tissues and  p75NTR  mRNA levels are respectively 300, 100, and 50% higher in testis/ovaries/uterus than in brain. In contrast, BDNF genes are not expressed in reproductive tissues. As expected,  Gprc6a  is expressed in testis but not in the ovaries/uterus. A significant correlation was found between the expression levels of the gene ligands and their receptors in brain, BAT and testis suggesting a common pathway of different genes in these tissues in either male and female. Changes in the expression levels of  osteocalcin, Ngf , or  Bdnf  genes may mutually affect the expression levels of the others. Moreover, it may be possible that different ligands may operate through different receptor subtypes.  Oxt  and  Oxtr  failed to show significant correlation. The up-regulation of  Ngf  / p75NTR  in BAT is consistent with NGF as an energy regulator and with BDNF regulating bone.

frontiers in physiology

Nerve Growth Factor, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Osteocalcin Gene Relationship in Energy Regulation, Bone Homeostasis and Reproductive Organs Analyzed by mRNA Quantitative Evaluation and Linear Correlation Analysis