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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global threat to human health worldwide. Recently, the Chinese medicines with antiviral properties and low toxicity have been a concern. In our previous study,  Eupolyphaga sinensis  Walker polysaccharide (ESPS) has been isolated and characterized, while its antiviral effect on HBV remained unclear. The anti-HBV activity of ESPS and its regulatory pathway were investigated  in vitro  and  in vivo . The results showed that ESPS significantly inhibited the production of HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV DNA in the supernatants of HepG2.2.15 in a dose-dependent manner; HBV RNA and core protein expression were also decreased by ESPS. The  in vivo  studies using HBV transgenic mice further revealed that ESPS (20 and 40 mg/kg/2 days) significantly reduced the levels HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV DNA in the serum, as well as HBV DNA and HBV RNA in mice liver. In addition, ESPS activated the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway; elevated levels of IFN-β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the serum were observed, indicating that the anti-HBV effect of ESPS was achieved by potentiating innate immunity function. In conclusion, our study shows that ESPS is a potential anti-HBV ingredient and is of great value in the development of new anti-HBV drugs.

A Polysaccharide From Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker With Anti-HBV Activities In Vitro and In Vivo