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Background:  The lack of the recovery of CD4 +  T-cells (CD4 +  recovery) among immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not well known. We aimed to analyze the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) underlying vitamin D metabolism and the CD4 +  recovery in naïve HIV-infected patients who started ART with low baseline CD4 + .   Methods:  We conducted a retrospective study in 411 naïve individuals with plasma HIV load &amp;gt;200 copies/mL and CD4 +  &amp;lt;200 cells/mm 3 . During 24 months of follow-up, all patients had plasma HIV load &amp;lt;50 copies/mL. DNA genotyping was performed using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. The outcome variable was the change in CD4 +  during the study.   Results:  CD4 +  recovery was higher in patients carrying  DBP  rs7041 AA genotype (AA versus CC/AC) and  DHCR7  rs3829251 AA genotype (AA versus GG/AG) ( p -value &amp;lt; 0.05).  DBP  rs7041 AA genotype was linked to increase in CD4 +  (adjusted arithmetic mean ratio (aAMR) = 1.22;  q -value = 0.011), increase in CD4 +  ≥P75th [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.31;  q -value = 0.005], slope of CD4 +  recovery (aAMR = 1.25;  q -value = 0.008), slope of CD4 +  recovery ≥ P75th (aOR = 2.55;  q -value = 0.005) and achievement of CD4 +  ≥500 cells/mm 3  (aOR = 1.89;  q -value = 0.023). Besides,  DHCR7  rs3829251 AA genotype was related to increase in CD4 +  (aAMR = 1.43;  q -value = 0.031), increase in CD4 +  ≥P75th (aOR = 3.92;  q -value = 0.030), slope of CD4 +  recovery (aAMR = 1.40;  q -value = 0.036), slope of CD4 +  recovery ≥ P75th (aOR = 3.42;  q -value = 0.031) and achievement of CD4 +  ≥500 cells/mm 3  (aOR = 5.68;  q -value = 0.015).   Conclusion:  In summary,  DHCR7  rs3829251 and  DBP  rs7041 polymorphisms were associated with CD4 +  recovery in HIV-infected patients who started cART with low CD4 +  T-cell counts.

DBP rs7041 and DHCR7 rs3829251 are Linked to CD4+ Recovery in HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy