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Atrial fibrosis is a key contributor to atrial fibrillation (AF). Long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) were demonstrated to exhibit a key role in fibrotic remodeling; however, the function of nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in atrial fibrosis remains unclear. In the present study, we showed that NEAT1 was upregulated in atrial tissues of AF patients and was positively related to collagen I (coll I) and collagen III (coll III) expressions. Furthermore, the deletion of NEAT1 attenuated angiotensin II (Ang II)-caused atrial fibroblast proliferation, migration, and collagen production. We further observed that NEAT1 knockdown improved Ang II caused mouse atrial fibrosis in  in vivo  experiments. Moreover, we demonstrated that NEAT1 could negatively regulate miR-320 expression by acting as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA). miR-320 directly targeted neuronal per arnt sim domain protein 2 (NPAS2) and suppressed its expression. We observed that NEAT1 exerted its function via the miR-320–NPAS2 axis in cardiac fibroblasts. These findings indicate that NEAT1 exerts a significant effect on atrial fibrosis and that this lncRNA is a new potential molecular target for AF treatment.

LncRNA Nuclear-Enriched Abundant Transcript 1 Regulates Atrial Fibrosis via the miR-320/NPAS2 Axis in Atrial Fibrillation