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Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, characterized by myocardial cell death (e.g., apoptosis) and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide (O 2   ·− ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), is a serious threat to human health and property. Saponin astragaloside IV (ASIV), extracted from Chinese herbal medicine astragalus, is effective in resolving multiple pathological issues including myocardial I/R injury. Recent studies have shown that autophagy is regulated by ROS and plays an important role in myocardial I/R injury. However, regulation of autophagy by ASIV during myocardial I/R injury and the role of specific ROS involved in the process have been rarely reported. In the present study, we found that SOD2 was downregulated and O 2   ·−  was upregulated in H 2 O 2 -induced H9C2 cardiac myocyte injury  in vitro  and myocardial I/R injury  in vivo , while such alterations were reversed by ASIV. ASIV possessed the ability to alleviate myocardial I/R injury via attenuating I/R-caused autophagosome accumulation. Upregulate of O 2   ·−  by 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME) reversed the effect of ASIV-mediated autophagy regulation, which suggested that O 2   ·−  was vital in this process. In conclusion, our results contribute to understanding the mechanism of ASIV-induced cardioprotective effect.

frontiers in pharmacology

A Single, Acute Astragaloside IV Therapy Protects Cardiomyocyte Through Attenuating Superoxide Anion-Mediated Accumulation of Autophagosomes in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury