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Momordica  species (Family Cucurbitaceae) are cultivated throughout the world for their edible fruits, leaves, shoots and seeds. Among the species of the genus  Momordica,  there are three selected species that are used as vegetable, and for medicinal purposes,  Momordica charantia  L (Bitter melon),  Momordica foetida  Schumach (Bitter cucumber) and  Momordica balsamina  L (African pumpkin). The fruits and leaves of these  Momordica  species are rich in primary and secondary metabolites such as proteins, fibers, minerals (calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc),  β -carotene, foliate, ascorbic acid, among others. The extracts from  Momordica  species are used for the treatment of a variety of diseases and ailments in traditional medicine.  Momordica  species extracts are reputed to possess anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anthelmintic bioactivity, abortifacient, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and play chemo-preventive functions. In this review we summarize the biochemical, nutritional, and medicinal values of three  Momordica  species ( M. charantia ,  M. foetida  and  M. balsamina ) as promising and innovative sources of natural bioactive compounds for future pharmaceutical usage.

Three Selected Edible Crops of the Genus Momordica as Potential Sources of Phytochemicals: Biochemical, Nutritional, and Medicinal Values